Guatino composition



ReiaeuedJan'. 5 1926;

UNITED STATES PATENT osnca.

cm I). HOOKER, 01' EAST ORANGE, mzw JERSEY, ASBIGNOB TO WESTERN ELEOTBIO comm, INCORPORATED, OI YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

COATING COMPOSITION.

lo Drawing. Original No.- 1,428,881, dated July 18, 1922, Serial llo. 344,177, aled December 11, 1919. Application for reissue Med December 22, 1923. serial- Illo. 682,382.

To all inhom it may concern: v

Be it known that I, CARL D. a citizen of the United States, residm at East Orange, in the county of Essex, tate.

the use of such coating when heat is applied thereto to facilitate the hardening thereof.

In enameling or japanning electrical conductors or other metallic surfacesfor example, either for. electrical insulation or atmospheric protection, many compounds composed of resinous or oily materlals, or both combined with volatile solvents or vehicles have been used. The suitability of such compositions for this purpose depends in a large degree upon the time required to bake them on the article'to be coated and u on the flexibility, hardness and continuity of the resultant enamel.

An object of the invention is to produce a liquid coating composition which after application wit the aid of heat, converts the prepared liquid coating composition into a semi-solid through chemical action;

and with continued heating, such as usually ap lied to bake enamels and japans, forms a ard, firm, continuous and durable coat- It has been found that such compositions vmay be formed by combining under the proper conditions a resin, such as Congo copal, shellac, Manila copal, etc, one or more free fatty acids and a polyacid alcohol such as glycerine. In carrying out the preparation of such a compound, the resin and free fatty acids are mlxed in suitable proportions until, with the aid at heat, a uniform homogeneous mass is obtained. This conditionhaving been arrived at, the polyacid alcohol is added and the tem erature increased until the mass agam ecomes homogeneous. For example, if 150 partsof Congo co al are added to 500 parts 0 a mixture of ree fatty acids such as is derived from a vegetable oil by the saponification consistency. When the mass has become 1 cool, a thick syrupy liquid is obtained which contains about 20 per cent of its wei ht as copal glyceride in an ungelatinize but readil gelatinizable condition, a considerably ar er pro ortion of vegetable oil in an unge atiniz but readily gelatinizable condition which has been formed from the vegetable oil fatty acids and a portion of the glycerine and polymerized by heat, and sufficient free fatty acid to dela the gelatinization of the copal lyceri e and the ve etable oil. The cop glyceride, which is eld in solution by the vegetable oil, is present in sufiicient quantities to ive a quick baking quality to the syrupy iquid.

The compound so produced possesses the property of gelatinizing upon the further app nation 0 heat without the addition of other substances. This'feature in itself will widen the field of application of compositions prepared from the materials heretofore mentioned.

While the above method is suflicient to produce the desired result, it is somewhat expensive because of the large amount of free fatty acid and polyacid alcohol required. By substitutin a vegetable oil, say castor oil, for examp e, for part of the glycerine and part of the acid, the cost of the material will be considerably decreased and the product will be identical for practical purposes with that produced in the afore-mentioned manner. In carrying out this process, which is the preferred method of producing the liquid coating composition, 150 parts of Congo copal are mixed with 100 parts of the free fatty acids, ricinoleic, dihydroxystearic and stearic, which are derivable from castor oil by saponification. The temperature having been raised until a homogeneous mass is obtained, 37 parts of glycerine and 510 parts of castor oil are then added. The heating is then continued until a certain predetermined condition is attained in which the liquid coating composition' contains approximately the same ingredients as those'obtained by the method described above, the resin glyceride and the 1 ungelatinized but readily gelatinizable condition so that further heating will cause surface which is to be coated. It is desir-' able, in some cases at least, to add organ c solvents, such as kerosene and the l1l e, 1n order to render the composltlonmore l1 uid. When a smooth, uniform covering has een secured, heat is applied theretom sucha manner that a gradual thickening of the fluid coating takes place. The temperature is then increased until solidification occurs.

It is to be understood that although Congo copal, shellac, and Manila coal have been .mentioned hereln speciheal] it is intended to include any resin whic the roperty of forming a gelatinous pr uct with a olyacid alcohol. In referring to vegetab e 0118 or fatty oils, all oils which will, upon sapomfication yield one or more fatty acids'are mcluded. Some of the oils which have been used are: Chinese wood oil, corn oil,'castor oil, linseed oil, soya bean oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil, cotton-seed oil and peanut 011.

In order that it may be understood what acids are intended to be included as belonging to the fatty acid class, a word of explanation is consideredneccssary. Various textbooks which contain matter relatlng to the chemical composition of such substances, differ in their classification of the fatty acids. As used in this specification, the term fatty acids is considered to include any and all classes embraced by the following outline.

1. Acids of the acetic series C H O 2. Acids of the oleic series, cnii, ,o

3. Acids of the series, C H ,O wh1ch includes the open chain and cyclic acids.

4. Acids of the linoleic series, C H n,O

5. Acids. of the clupanodonic and the 6. Hydroxylated and carboxylated acids of any of the above classes. I p

Acids belonging to one or more of the series enumerated above are contained in each of the common vegetable oils. It is preferable, of course, to use those acids which contain one or more double bonds and are thus readily polymerizable and to use the higher members of each series so that the acid will not volatilize at the temperatures at which the preliminary reactions are carried on.

What is claimed is: 1. A liquid I coating composition resulting from a combination comprising glycerine, resin,and free fatty acid.

2. A liquid coating composition resultg from a combination comprising glycerinle, resin, free fatty acid, and vegetable 01 3. A liquid coating composition resulting from a'combination comprising glycerine, Congo copal, free fatty acid and castor oil.

4. The process of making a liquid coating composition which comprises treating resin with free fatty acid, and combining glycerinc with the product so formed.

5. The process of makng a liquid coating composition which comprises treating resin with free fatty acid, and combining lycerinc and vegetable oil with the prof formed.

6. The process of making a liquid coating composition which comprises treating Congo copal with free fatty acid and combining glycerine and castor oil with the product so formed.

7.A liquid coatin composition comprisin castor oil heate to a point just before ge atinization would take place and a proximately 20% of Congo copal glyceritlia.

8. A liquid coating composition comprising vegetable oil in an ungelatinized but readily gelatinizable condition, a resin ester of polyacid alcohol, and a substance capable of delaying the elatinization of said oil and said ester wit prolonged heating. 9. A liquid coating composition comprising vegetable oil in an ungelatinized but of polyacid alcohol in an ungelatinized but readily gelatinizable condition, and a substance capable of delaying the gelatinization of said oil and said ester with prolonged heating.

10. A liquid coating, composition comprising a Congo copal; glycerlde, castor oil thickened by heating to a lesser extent than would be required to ,gelatinize it, and a substance to delay the gelatinization of said glyceride and said oil.

11. An enamel comprising the hardened product obtained ,by bakin upon an article to becoated a mixture 0 a gelatinizable resin ester and gelatinizable vegetable oil both previously thickened to near the-gelatinization stage by heating.

12. An enamel comprising the hardened product obtained by baking upon an article to be coated, amixture of Congo copal glyceride and gelatinizable vegetable oil both previously thickened to near the gelatinization stage by heating.

13. An enamel comprising the hardened product obtained by heating Congo copal glyceride in thepresence of castor oil.

14. The product obtained by heatin Congo copal glyceride in the presence 0 castor oil.

"15. The process of forming a' liquid coating composition which comprises heatingmesi-n glyceride and vegetable oil in the presence of a substance, which will delay the gelatinization thereof and continuing uct so.

readily gelatinizablecondition, a resin ester this heating until said glyeeride and said oil are in a readily gelatinizable condition.

16. The process of coating articles which comprises heating a gelatinizable resin glyceride and gelatinizable vegetable oil to a condition approaching gelatinization, applying the resultant product to the article to be coated, and baking it thereon.

17. The process of coating articles which comprises heating gelatinizable vegetable oil, glycerine and resin capable of forming with said lycerine agelatinizableresin lyceride, in e presence of a substance w ich will delay the gelatinization of the gelatinizable materials formed, applying the resultant product to the article and baking it thereon. I

18. The process of coating metallic articles which comprises heating Congo copal, glycerine and castor oil in the presence of a substance which will delay the gelatinization of gelatinizable materials formed, applying the resultant product to the metallic article,

and baking it thereon.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 17th day of December, 1923.

CARL D. HOCKER; 

